Track Categories
The track category is the heading under which your abstract will be reviewed and later published in the conference printed matters if accepted. During the submission process, you will be asked to select one track category for your abstract.
Dementia is a common term to describe memory loss leading to hindrance in daily routines. It is specifically not a single disease, it describes many symptoms associated with the brain's working capacity. Alzheimer's is the most common type of Dementia. Vascular dementia which is the second most common type is caused after stroke in brain cells. People with dementia faces many difficulties in communicating with others, memorizing things, ability to focus and pay attention, judgment and reasoning, visual perception.
Alzheimer's Disease (AD) affects the proper memory power, thinking ability and brings behavioral change in a human being. AD is not a normal part of aging, it gets worse with increasing age. Currently, no proper medicine is available to cure AD, researchers are working on it to find out medications for proper cure. Alzheimer's Disease occurs in 7 stages, namely, No Impairment; Very Mild Decline; Mild Decline; Moderate Decline; Moderately Severe Decline; Severe Decline; Very Severe Decline.
Parkinson's Disease (PD) affects the predominately dopamine producing neurons area of brain known as substantia nigra. It causes tremors in body, slowness of movements, rigidity of limb, gait and balance problems. Some societies provide assisted living facilities for patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's Disease. The patients can’t take decisions on their own, so they assign someone for all legal works which includes creating power of attorney also.
It is a neurological disorder in which the nerve cells activities is disrupted leading to seizures. The ability to interpret feelings slows down which is known as aura. The person becomes apathic in nature. After a seizure takes place, it leaves the body in postictal state. The brain’s electrical activity is recorded by Electroencephalogram to do the monitoring and to find out the affected part. Anticonvulsants and proper diet are given to minimize the effects of epilepsy. All over world, approximately 50 million people are dealing with epilepsy.
An uncertain disease of Central Nervous System (CNS) in which the protecting covers of nerve cells of spinal cord and brain are deteriorated. Many investigators think MS to be an autoimmune disorder in which the immune system of body launches a defensive mechanism for its safety. There is no specific cure for MS, many patients do well with therapies, because medications have may side effects. A patient with MS faces difficulties in communicating with others. New research is being done to work with stem cells for treatment of MS. Genetics play a major role in getting affected by MS, Vitamin D plays a role in treatment but still its proper use is not specified, to stop the spread of MS we need to find treatment for repairing of myelin sheath.
Mild cognitive impairment causes mild but noticeable changes in decrease of cognitive abilities like thinking abilities and memory power. It is an intermediate stage between cognitive decline of normal aging and the severe signs of dementia. In amnestic MCI, person starts to forget important information's like appointments, conversations, etc. Whereas in nonamnestic MCI, person’s thinking ablility is hampered. There is no cause for MCI, but studies show that shrinkage of hippocampus, enlargement of brain’s fluid-filled spaces and reduced use of glucose may be possible causes. Risk factors for MCI- increasing age, lifestyle problems and a presence of a specific form of gene APOE-e4, though presence of this gene doesn’t assure that an individual can get MCI. The prevalence of MCI varies by age group. 6.7% for ages 60–64; 8.4% for ages 65–69, 10.1% for ages 70–74, 14.8% for ages 75–79, and 25.2% for ages 80–84. No medications are there to treat MCI properly.
Brain attack or stroke takes place when circulation of blood in brain is interrupted or the blood vessels bursts and squirts out blood. The brain cells die due to reduced oxygen flow and functioning of brain stops. Stroke has no defined symptoms, all will take place suddenly and after affects will be there. The treatment stages are prevention, therapy after the brain attack and post stroke rehabilitation. Most popular class of drug to treat strokes are antithrombotic (antiplatelet agents and anticoagulants) and thrombolytics. The most disability which takes place after stroke is one-sided paralysis. Clinical trials have been done by Worldwide Scientists to know about stroke. Many organizations help patients with stroke to live life to the fullest.
These are a collection of conditions which cause the nerves in brain and spine to stop its function. They are rare but fatal and incurable form of neurodegeneration. It can decrease the life expectancy of an individual. Motor neuron diseases affect either upper motor neurons (UMN) or lower motor neurons (LMN). It is a more likely to be a genetic disorder but doesn’t runs in many generations. Physiotherapy and speech and language therapist can help in living healthy life. Only few drugs are available to slightly slow down the progress of this condition, no proper treatment is available. The patients become emotionally very weak, so proper care and love should be shown. Few people who are dealing with ALS which is a type of Motor Neurone Disease are Stephen Hawking and Jason Becker have been living for several years.
It is a progressive type of dementia which is caused by mutation in gene for protein called huntingtin. It affects the central part of the brain resulting in defects in movement, moods and thinking skills. There is no cure which can block or reverse the course of HD. Every child of parent with HD gene has 50/50 chance of inheriting the gene causing disease. If the child has not inherited gene, he or she will never show any symptom and it will not pass on to their next generation. Antipsychotic drugs are there for temporary relief, but it comes up with side effects like cholera, nausea, fatigue, etc. HD causes disability which worsens with time. People with this gene mutation usually dies within 15-20 years after getting diagnosed.
Spinocerebellar ataxia (SCA) is gradually developing degeneration of nerves, which is a genetic disease having numerous other types. Also known as Sprinocerebellar atrophy or spinocerebellar degeneration. There is no proper cure or treatment, so, sometimes it becomes fatal. It can affect person of any age group generally 1 or 2 in 1 million people worldwide. This condition is inherited in autosomal dominant nature, which states that only one copy of altered gene is enough to cause the disorder. Only rehabilitation can help patients to deal with SCA.
It is a hereditary disease which cause weakness and wastage in the voluntary muscles of legs and arms of infants and children. This disorder is caused by an abnormal or missing gene known as survival motor neuron gene. There are 3 types of SMA; Type 1 is evident at birth or in first few weeks, Type 2 normally begins in 6 to 18 months and Type 3 usually shows in between 2 and 17 years of age. There is no cure of SMA, treatment mainly consists of management of symptoms and prevention of complications. Researchers have started doing work in the field of strategies to cope up with SMA. The US FDA have approved nusinersen (brand name Spinzara) to carry out treatment of SMA on Dec. 23, 2016.
It is a condition in which the myelin sheath of nerve fibres of brain, optic nerves and spinal cord are damaged. When myelin sheath gets deteriorated, nerve impulses slows down or often stops working causing many neurological problems. Demyelination tends to be patchy or segmental, affecting multiple areas simultaneously. Remyelination often takes place with complete recovery and regeneration of nerve cells. Demyelination is caused by viral infections, metabolic issues, oxygen loss and physical compression. Symptoms include numbness, loss of reflex actions, blurred vision, memory loss, fatigue, etc. There are vaccines to help decrease chances of demyelination. They are not curable but taking with your doctor helps in better understanding of the problem.
It is a group of neurological disorders which appears in infants or early childhood causing permanent affect in body movements, muscle coordination and balance. Early signs usually appear before 3 years of age, if not visible in infant stage. Symptoms includes reflex actions, seizures, hearing loss and impaired or blurred vision. It is not a progressive disease, which means it doesn’t worsen with time. It is not totally curable but with proper care, a child’s capabilities can be checked. Treatment may include therapies, surgery to correct anatomical abnormalities. CP occurs in about 2.1 per 1000 live births. With proper care and treatment, children with CP can live normally like others.
Migraine headache results from any physiological changes in brain resulting in nausea and vomiting. Pain is very intense and unbearable after some extent which may get worse after physical extortion. Usually it affects only one side of brain but in few cases it affects bilaterally. In some cases, people experiences warning symptoms or an aura which ranges from flashing lights, loud music and blind spots. Factors which trigger migraine are hormonal imbalances, oral contraceptive pills, certain food products, stress, oversleeping, etc. Diclofenac is an easily available medicine for relief of migraine pain. Proper diet and exercise should be maintained to get relief.
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies (TSEs), generally known as prion diseases are a cluster of degenerative brain disorders defined by tiny holes giving a spongy appearance to the brain. Prions are infectious agents composed entirely of proteins. This can be diagnosed when brain tissue is diagnosed under microscope. Very rare disorder, which affects one in every one million people every year. TSEs progress rate is very high which usually results in death. Proper treatment is not available till now, research is being going on to find out cure for TSEs.
It is a progressive loss of neuron’s structure and function leading towards an irreversible damage and death of neurons. It is final stage for aging and a pathway for neurodenegerative diseases. It encircles a wide range of clinical diseases like Alzheimer’s Disease, Parkinson’s Disease and many other neurological disorders. Degenerative diseases may be life threatening or non-curable. Treatments and therapies may improve symptoms, relieve pains and will also help in increasing mobility. These problems get diagnosed by ECG and some specific nerve tests.
Neurorehabilitation is a treatment of nerves affected by neurodegenerative disorders specially designed and supervised by doctors. It often improves function, reduces symptoms which affects the overall condition of patients to some extent. Many experts from different fields must come together as a team to make it a success like neurosurgeon, orthopedic surgeon therapist, counselor, social workers, psychiatrist. It considers diseases such as Dementia, Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, etc. This treatment promotes the highest level of independence possible for them. It also helps in rebuilding self-esteem and a positive attitude towards the life which results in getting adapted to new situations. It gives a ray of hope to the patients. All over the world, there are many cases of patients who have got relief from many serious neurological diseases by this neurorehabilitation technique.
It is a special branch of medical sciences which deals primarily with disorders in the nervous system. Neurology involves diagnosing and treating conditions related to the central, peripheral and autonomic nervous system. The person who deals with this branch is called as Neurologist. In this branch, the root cause of problem is identified, and then proper therapies and treatments are provided to get rid of the problem. Neuroscience describes the scientific study of the mechanics of the central nervous system such as its function, genetics and physiology, structure as well as its application to understand diseases of the nervous system.
A neurologist is an expert in neurology and is trained in diagnosing, investigating and treating neurological disorders. They are involved in clinical trials, clinical research and translational or basic research. During treatment, first they will do perform a physical exam and then a neurological exam. A neurologist may serve as consultant to other physicians or they can provide long-term treatment to a patient having neurological disorders. Treatment includes medication, therapies and in severe cases surgery.
The mechanisms present the pathology, genetics, biochemistry and cell biology of the major human neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, frontotemporal dementia, ALS, Huntington’s, and prion diseases.
Neurodegenerative diseases are a heterogeneous group of disorders that are characterized by the progressive degeneration of the structure and function of the central nervous system or peripheral nervous system. Common neurodegenerative diseases include Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease. Many researchers are going on in the field of neurodegenerative diseases to discover and invent new technologies to prevent and provide treatment for the diseases.